PRE2017 3 Groep11

Wiki syntax
linebreak: < br >
list: *
sublist: **
numbered list: #
Hyperlink with other text: [Link tekst]

Todo dinsdag

• Enquete? (ZSO Camiel)
• Concepten uitwerken en vergelijken (ZSO Kobus, michael en jasper)
  • Landingsplatform locatie
  • Pakketje beveiliging
  • Pakktje ophalen
  • Pakketje weerproof bewaren
  • Veilig landen
  • Failsafe
  • communicatie platform
• RPC's fixen (SSA WERNER)

In rpc's platform moet neutraal uit zien

Notice/Discuss

• No overleaf/latex needed, only wiki is graded as written part
• Presentation already in 3,5 weeks!
• Very little workplace to assemble on the Tu/e for mechanical engineering students
• If not survey, how to implement USE?
• Measurements/Real drones session needed?
• References on another page

Planning:

Week 4:
Final concept finished(Who?)
Where are we allowed to build(Who?)
Real materials(Who?)
Prototype materials(Who?)
Electronic system(Arduino?)(Who?)
Make/take Survey(who?)
Update Wiki(Who?)

Plan(mail/ask) a real drone session (who?)
Ordering parts(Like arduino or building materials)(Who?)

Week 5:
Prototype hardware(Who?)
Prototype software(Who?)
Assembling hardware/software(Who?)
Make/take Survey(Who?)
Analysis survey(Who?)
Update Wiki(Who?)

Plan(mail/ask) a real drone session (who?)

Week 6:
Prototype hardware(Who?)
Prototype software(Who?)
Assembling hardware/software(Who?)
Analysis/conclusion survey(Who?)
Update Wiki(Who?)

Week 7: Presentation at Thursday 29-03-2018
Presentation finished(Who?)
Wiki finished(Who?)
Prototype software finished(Who?)
Prototype hardware finished(Who?)
Presenter(Who? 1 or more?)

Other Projects:

Delivery drones
PRE2016 3 Groep20
PRE2 Groep1
PRE Groep1
PRE2015 3 Groep2
PRE2016 3 Groep20

Drones
PRE2017 3 Groep8
PRE2 Groep2
PRE2015 3 Groep1
PRE2016 4 Groep5
PRE2016 3 Groep16
PRE2016 3 Groep12

Survey
PRE2015 1 Groep3

Only CAD
PRE2016 3 Groep9

Coaching Questions

Coaching Questions Group 11

Problem statement and objectives

New problem statement

The usage of drones has become popular in various fields of work and also for recreational use. Drones have a promising perspective in a lot of different areas, like military, surveillance and package delivery. In the current state of the delivery drones the buyer need to place a landing pad in a place with enough free space around it. Therefore the buyer needs to be home when the delivery is done, since the landing pad could be blown away due to wind for example. Furthermore, the way drones are delivering now can be harmful for bystanders. Kids and pets that don’t understand that the rotor blades could be harmful could be damaged by the drones. And the drones themselves can be broken if a pet uses it as a play toy. These problems take away from the ease that should come with using the delivery drone technology. The packages that are delivered are easily stolen in any other place than the back yard, and certain weather conditions could be harmful for the package if the package is exposed to these condition too long. As described above, the last meters of the so called “last mile delivery” contain multiple problems that need to be tackled before the drone delivery system can really become mainstream. A certain landing pad that has its own designated place, that can hold the package for a sufficient amount of time and are weather/theft proof could be a solution for these problems.

New objectives

• Develop a way in which a drone can safely drop off a package, considering the following components:
  • The parcel itself, which is carried by the drone
  • The type of drone that can carry a parcel and drop it off
  • The landing platform for the drone at the delivery address
• Consider the risk of theft
• Consider the location of the landing platform
• Consider safety risks for bystanders

Old Problem statement

The usage of drones has become popular in various fields of work and also for recreational use. Drones have a promising perspective in a lot of different areas, like delivery and surveillance. For instance, delivery drones are already used by amazon today, but there are still a range of problems with implementing this technology. Multiple privacy and evasiveness concerns rise up with the use of these drones. Logistically speaking, handling drones and its packages in limited air space isn’t done in an efficient way adding cost to delivering. Security risk in hacking drones and drones crashing into objects and people. As well as the technical limitations of the drones itself, like the low battery life and the relatively low maximal weight of the packages. All these problems make using delivery drones less profitable and less desirable for companies and consumers.

Old Objectives

The group will look into a setup for delivery drones and its infrastructure in an urban area, taking into account all the problems described above. Possibly there are changes needed to the technology of the drone as well, this would be implemented into the setup. The setup will therefore aim to reach the next objectives:

• Shorter delivery times
• Find a way for robots to drop products in a safe but non-invasive way
• When to use what type of drones (drone/car)
• How to increase reliability
• Package handling
• Determine social impact
• Satisfying all the stakeholders

Who are the stakeholders

Users

• Product sellers (companies)
• Product buyers (consumers/companies)

Society

• Governments in urban planning
• Neighborhoods where drones fly over

Enterprise

• Delivery services(companies)

What do the stakeholders require

Users

• Fast and reliable service
• Low prices
• Privacy of products
• Non-invasive service

Society

• Drones should not lead to annoyance for people living under "drone routes"

Enterprise

• Laws that allow for commercial drone flights over urban areas

RPC's

Requirements

• The package casing must be weather resistant, the package may not get wet
• A platform must be able to be used by more than one person

Preferences

• The platform must be placed in such a way that people can easily access it
• The package should not encounter too much impact
• The landing platform should be cheap
• The package casing should not hinder the drones performance
• The package should arrive undamaged
• Easy operation
• Notification should be send when package arrives
• The landing pad should be cheap
• Platform checks if the right package has been delivered
• The platform should be installable in a wide range of environments
• The platform should have a neutral appearance
• The platform must be placed in a place where only the customer can get
• The package casing should carry a gps tracker for a track and trace system

Constraints

• The package casing must have a lock mechanism
• Secure package casing may not increase the total package weight by more than ...%
• Package must be protected against theft by some kind of lock.
• A drone must be able to land on the platform, or drop a package on/in it without damaging it
• The drone may not cause harm to people/pets/other obstacles
• The platform may not cover a larger surface than n x n meters
• The package casing can not have a larger volume than n x n x n meters

Concepts

Concept 1

• The drone carries a box with two hooks on corners opposite to the side where the box can be opened.
• While approaching the destined platform, a code confirms if the correct platform is being approached.
• The hooks on the box clamp on the platform and lock, so the box can't be opened anymore.
• The side of the box that can be opened is faced down, so potential thieves can't open it.
• The box can only be opened by a code, sent by the delivery company to the customer.
• The drone has a gps-tracker which allows customers to see when their package will be delivered.
• The box must be made of waterproof hard plastic. It can be sent back for a certain amount, like a deposit.

Interaction platform-parcel

• Drone carries a box with a lock; the base will lock it in place with an arm / magnet / etc.
• Drone carries an ordinry box; the base will put a cage around it.
• The drone carries an ordinary box; the base is a box with a lock.
• If the platform is located at a sufficient height above the ground, for example out of a window, there are no security measures needed.
• The platform itself holds the parcel instead of an external container. The parcel is transfered from the drone to the platform.
• The platform where the package is deliverd is placed on top of a spring. The platform will be easy to acces for the drone, after the package is placed on top of the platform it will drop.
  Then the top of the protection box is placed on top of the package.
• Same idea as above, but the spring is replaced with an lift that drops the package down.
• A platform that forms around the packages when a certain weight is put on it.

Lock mechanism

• A code lock, of which the code is shared with the recipient via email
• Fingerprint sensor
• RFID with mobile phone
• Own standard key/code
• Identification of the right platform/drone
• QR code
• RFID
• Radio / IR / other radiation to transfer information
• Barcode
• Key
• password/code
• Box opens after estimated delivery time has gone by

Location landing platform

• Roof
• Garden/balcony
• Out of a window(maybe attached to wall in order to keep window closed)
• Drone can enter specific part of house
• Attached to the wall next to the front door
• For appartments, a room easily accesible for drones where a certain amount of landing platforms are(Package need to be retrieved in x minutes, so it can be used by other residents).

"MICHAEL system"

(See source:A Multi-Modality Mobility Concept for a Small Package Delivery UAV)

• Joint landing platforms for all the people in a neighborhood
• Flying drones to deliver to this point
• Driving drones deliver to front door
• Or, People retrieve the package themselves from the landing pad

Approach, milestones and deliverables

Approach

First we will study the literature to figure out to what extent our case is already researched. After that we will attempt to determine the present day problems with the technology. From the present status of the technology we will make a list of RPC's. With that list we will create concepts, work out the best concept and assemble/build the prototype. In the design process it is very probable that we need to go back a step to eventually make a better design. In the design phase we may need to measure the drones that are available in Gemini to determine the final measurements of the design. And in the testing phase we might need drones to check if the system react to a flying drone like we designed.

Milestones

• Literature study
• Sources read
• Sources summarized
• Conceptualize
• RPC's
• Concepts/drawings of concepts
• Decide a final concept
• Work out concept
  • Choose/order materials
  • Choose/order operating system/electronic parts(Like arduino was in Engineerding Design case)
  • Costs overview
  • Building/assembling prototype
• Test prototype

Deliverables

• A technical report of the design process
• A prototype of the landing pad
• Final presentation explaing the design process and showing the prototype

Survey

https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1iMVSY1XEiBxn46ks75MAHNXn72QkF69rqFd5D89IUjg/edit?usp=sharing

Who's doing what

Week 1
All together:

• Write introduction
• Update the wiki(weekly)

Everyone for themselves:

• Search for sources (10-2)
• Summarize sources (19-2)

Week 2
All together:

• Rewrite subsections made in Week 1
• Make a final RPC list out of the personal ones
• Combine the concepts in one clear list

Everyone for themselves:

• specific literature study (Summerize 2 sources pp)
• Think of RPC's for the landing platform
• Describe or draw concepts

Week 3

• Camiel: Set up a survey
• Werner: Rewrite the RPC's
• Kobus, Michael and Jasper: Work out and compare concepts

Sources and summaries of the general subject

Auto-Selection Of Package Delivery Location Based On Estimated Time Of Delivery
Drone shipping versus truck delivery in a cross-docking system with multiple fleets and products
Robotic Aerial Vehicle Delivery System and Method Deze hebben we dubbel, staat ook bij specific subject, open voor beide samenvattingen
Drone delivery models for healthcare
Multi-Agent Path Finding with Payload Transfers and the Package-Exchange Robot-Routing Problem
Parcel delivery in an urban environment using unmanned aerial systems: a vision paper
The Sky’s (Not) the Limit - Influence of Expertise and Privacy Disposition on the Use of Multicopters
Post-Production Analysis Approach for drone delivery fleet
A multi-objective green UAV routing problem
The Vehicle Routing Problem with Drones: Extended Models and Connections
Logistics support for a delivery drone fleet
A cost-optimization model in multi-agent system routing for drone delivery
The regulation of civilian drones impacts on behavioral privacy
Understanding security threats in consumer drones through the lens of discovery quadcopter family
Drone-Aided Healthcare Services for Patients with Chronic diseases in Rural Areas
Can unmanned aerial systems (drones) be used for the routine transport of chemistry, hematology, and coagulation laboratory specimens?
Autonomous Aerial Cargo/Utility system
The economic and operational value of using drones to transport vaccines
Drone transport of microbes in blood and sputum laboratory specimens
Privacy and drones: Unmanned aerial vehicles
Civilian drones, privacy, and the federal-state balance
A cost-benefit analysis of Amazon Prime Air
Optimizing a Drone Network to Deliver Automated External Defibrillators

Sources and summaries on the specific case

Robotic Aerial Vehicle Delivery System and Method
Secure Handling of Unsupervised Package Drop Off at Smarthome
Autonomous and automatic landing system for drones
Landing Pad For Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Delivery
Machine-readable delivery platform for automated package delivery
Drone Operated Delivery Receptacle
Unattended Delivery Drop Box
System and Method for Controlling Drone Delivery or Pick up During a Delivery or Pickup Phase of Drone Operation
Delivery platform for unmanned areal vehicles
A Multi-Modality Mobility Concept for a Small Package Delivery UAV