PRE2022 3 Group11

Group Members:

Name	Student number	Study
Vietlinh Pham	1616420	Industrial Engineering
Lars Nobbe
Wilbur van Lierop
Paul van Geest
Aloysia Prakso		Industrial Design
Maurtiius van Maurik	1600426	Automotive Technology

SotA: Literature study

Mau:

1.

Article: http://27.109.7.66:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/682

The article highlights the efforts being made to automate the labor-intensive agriculture industry through the use of robots and machines. A vision-based row guidance method is proposed for autonomous farming robots to navigate through row crops in a field, using machine vision to detect the offset and heading angle in real-time. The robot platform is designed with an open architecture and a control scheme for row guidance. The focus of the robot is to monitor the health of the plants by observing their leaf color and height, as well as the surrounding environmental conditions such as temperature, moisture, and humidity. The information collected is then used to determine the health of the plant, which is displayed on an LCD screen.

2.

Article: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9080736

This paper discusses the how wireless sensor network can be used to detect weeds. However, when a lot of static sensors are present the project becomes expensive and chaotic. Therefore the researches decided to make use of autonomous bots which are equipped with ultrasonic sensors and cameras that can detect weeds. The camera input is then processed using a neural network and image segmentation. Once weeds were detected, herbicides were sprayed on them using solenoid valves.

3.

Article: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-90-481-9277-9_20#Abs1

The text discusses the demand for advances in automation in agriculture, horticulture, and forestry due to high labor costs. The focus is on the potential of robotic outdoor systems to increase efficiency and make operations economically viable. The chapter provides examples of autonomous crop protection operations that are likely to be commercially available in the near future. These operations, such as scouting and monitoring, can be automated for increased efficiency, but current systems still have drawbacks, including a lack of robust and safe behaviors. The use of high-precision targeting based on individual weed plant detections holds the potential to greatly reduce the use of resources, such as herbicides.

4.

Article:An overview of smart irrigation systems using IoT - ScienceDirect

The paper provides an overview of the field of agricultural robotics, which has become a popular topic of research and development in recent years. It highlights the critical challenges faced by the agriculture industry, such as labor shortages and the need for environmentally friendly practices, and how agricultural robotics can address these issues. The paper also presents an overview of the current state-of-the-art in agricultural robotics, including individual robots for specific tasks and cooperative teams of robots for farming tasks. The paper concludes by discussing the challenges that still need to be addressed in order to fully automate agricultural production, which is seen as a promising solution for sustaining the growing human population

5.

Article: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/9/1818

This paper discusses how agricultural sustainability can be enhanced by integrating technology. Improving of irrigation systems is of importance and IoT and sensory systems could habilitate this. Automated irrigation systems are important for conserving water. IoT and automation are linked to agriculture and farming techniques for making processes more effective and efficient. Moreover, sensory systems improve farmers' understanding of crops and reduce environmental impact and conserve resources.

Vietlinh:

1.

Article: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340397309_Robotics_and_Automation_in_Agriculture_Present_and_Future_Applications

The paper reviews recent advancements in the application of automation and robotics in precision agriculture. The aim of precision agriculture is to maximize agriculture produce while minimizing environmental impact through precise farm management using modern technology. The paper highlights challenges and provides suggestions for the design of efficient autonomous agricultural robotic systems that consider all possibilities and challenges in different types of agriculture operations and take into account development cost to make it affordable for farmers.
2.

Article: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9243253

This paper reviews three important developments in the field of autonomous robotics in agriculture. These developments include navigation using GPS technology and vision-based navigation, harvesting systems with sensors and actuators, and a soil analysis system to provide farmers with information about the land. The paper presents successful research and applications in these areas and highlights the needs for additional research and development to bring this technology to developing countries where it is not widely used in agriculture.

3.

Article: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110982321000582

This paper focuses on new approaches in smart farming and highlights the importance of data gathering, transmission, storage, and analysis in solving the challenges of food shortage and population growth. IoT is crucial in smart systems, and the smart irrigation systems uses sensors for monitoring water level, irrigation efficiency, and climate. The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and robots in agriculture is also discussed, and their applications include harvesting, seeding, weed detection, irrigation, and pest control. The paper also mentions the role of artificial intelligence (AI), deep learning (DL), machine learning (ML), and wireless communications in smart farming. The paper highlights the challenges in implementing smart farming in developing countries and the need for government and private sector support, as well as the use of Smart Decision Support Systems (SDSS) for real-time analysis and soil mapping to support proper decision making.

4.

Article: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9003290

This paper examines the impact of IoT and smart computing technologies on agriculture and farming. It highlights how these technologies have revolutionized the industry and are now widely used for tasks such as monitoring crops and soil moisture. However, the paper also warns of the cybersecurity threats and vulnerabilities that come with using IoT and smart communication technologies in the smart farming environment. The paper provides a holistic study of the security and privacy issues in a smart farming ecosystem, outlining a multi-layered architecture and discussing potential cyber-attack scenarios. The paper also identifies open research challenges and future directions in the field.

5.

Article: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/aepp.13177

The paper describes the potential benefits and regulatory challenges of using autonomous crop equipment in agriculture. The paper aims to summarize the primary regulatory issues related to the use of autonomous equipment for crop production and its impact on the development and adoption of this technology. The paper covers three main objectives:

1.      Summarizing the lessons learned from regulation of autonomous equipment in other sectors of the economy

2.      Describing the current status of regulation related to autonomous crop equipment

3.      Providing an example from the United Kingdom of how regulation can affect the development of autonomous equipment in crop production.

The paper also argues that regulation will have a major impact on the type of autonomous crop equipment that is commercialized and the pattern of its adoption.