MRC/Tutorials/Installing Ubuntu: Difference between revisions

From Control Systems Technology Group
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Added possible error instruction, changed layout
Line 14: Line 14:


===Setting up your virtual machine===
===Setting up your virtual machine===
Start by opening '''VirtualBox''' and clicking the blue star-like icon labeled '''"New"'''.


Start creating your VM by opening virtualbox and selecting the blue star-like icon labeled "New".
# A menu with four tabs will appear. Under the '''"Name and Operating System"''' tab, give your VM a descriptive name. You can leave the ''Machine Folder'' at its default location. Select the Ubuntu image you downloaded in the previous step. Make sure to choose the correct ''Type'' and ''Version'' from the dropdown menus:
#* '''Type:''' Linux
#* '''Version:''' Ubuntu (64-bit)
# Also, check the box to '''skip unattended installation'''.
# We don't need to modify anything in the '''"Unattended Install"''' tab, since we chose to skip it.
# In the '''"Hardware"''' tab:
#* Set the '''Memory Size''' to more than '''4096 MB'''. Stay within the green boundary shown below the slider.
#* Choose the number of '''processors''' allocated to your VM. A good starting point is at least '''half of your available cores'''—more is generally better, depending on your system's capabilities.
# In the '''"Hard Disk"''' tab:
#* Select '''"Create a virtual hard disk now."'''
#* Choose the size and location of the virtual hard disk. We recommend at least '''40 GB''' (more is better, if you have the space).
#* You may want to store the virtual disk on a different physical drive for performance.
#* For the file type, select '''VDI'''.
# Click '''Finish''' to create your VM.


# In the menu that pops up you will see four tabs. Under the "Name and Operating System" you can give your VM a descriptive name. You can leave the Machine Folder at its default value. Select the ubuntu image you downloaded in the previous step. Make sure you select the proper type and version in the dropdowns below. The Type should be set to Linux, the Version should be set to Ubuntu (64-bit). Also '''check the box to skip unattended installation'''.
==== Final Configuration Steps ====
# We dont need to do anything in the tab "Unattended Install", after all we chose to skip it.
To complete your VM setup:
# In the tab "Hardware" you can choose the Memory Size. Select the amount of memory available to your VM. Make sure you select a value '''greater than 4096 MB'''. While making your selection, make sure you stay within the green boundary indicated underneath the slider. Select the amount of processors available to your VM, depending on the hardware of your PC. '''As a starting point we recommend at least half of the available processors, note that generally, more is better'''.
# In the tab "Hard Disk", select "Create a virutal Hard Disk Now". Select the size and location of your virtual hard disk. It is recommended to allocate '''at least 40 GB''', however, more is generally better. Make sure you have enough disk space at the specified location. You may want to move your virtual disk to a different physical drive. Select VDI. for the File Type.
# Click finish.


To finish the configuration of your VM take the following steps:
# Right-click your VM in the list.
# Select '''Settings''' (indicated by an orange gear icon).
# In the sidebar, go to '''Display''':
#* Set '''Video Memory''' to at least '''64 MB'''.
# Go to '''Network''':
#* Set '''"Attached to"''' as '''Bridged Adapter'''.
#* Under '''Name''', select your wireless adapter (e.g., ''Intel(R) Wi-Fi 6 AX200 160MHz'').


# Right click on your VM
Click '''OK''' to confirm your changes.
# Select settings, indicated by an orange cog, in the context menu
# Go to Display in the sidebar
# Set the amount of Video Memory to (at least) 64 MB
# Go to Network in the sidebar
# set "Attached to" to Bridged Adapter. Under Name select your wireless connection. e.g. Intel(R) Wi-Fi 6 AX200 160MHz


Confirm your changes by clicking OK.
===== '''Note:''' =====
If you encounter the error:
 
<code>VMWGFX seems to be running on an unsupported hypervisor.</code>
 
A possible fix is:
 
* Go back to '''Settings'''.
* Switch to '''Expert Mode''' (top-left corner).
* Under '''Display''', set the '''Graphics Controller''' to '''VBoxSVGA'''.


===Installing Ubuntu ===
===Installing Ubuntu ===

Revision as of 13:57, 9 April 2025

Ubuntu is an operating system, much like windows and MacOS. It is what makes a computer usable. Running a different operating system is like using a different computer altogether. In this course we recommend using a virtual machine to run ubuntu.

On your laptop, download virtualbox from their website:

<https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads>

run the installer, and follow the instructions.

Virtualbox is the program that will create and run our virtual machine. A virtual machine is best seen as a piece of software that behaves as a virtual computer, which will thus allow us to install (and use) Ubuntu within windows.

After installing virtualbox, make sure you download a copy of the desktop image of Ubuntu to a folder on your windows machine:

<https://releases.ubuntu.com/24.04/>

Setting up your virtual machine

Start by opening VirtualBox and clicking the blue star-like icon labeled "New".

  1. A menu with four tabs will appear. Under the "Name and Operating System" tab, give your VM a descriptive name. You can leave the Machine Folder at its default location. Select the Ubuntu image you downloaded in the previous step. Make sure to choose the correct Type and Version from the dropdown menus:
    • Type: Linux
    • Version: Ubuntu (64-bit)
  2. Also, check the box to skip unattended installation.
  3. We don't need to modify anything in the "Unattended Install" tab, since we chose to skip it.
  4. In the "Hardware" tab:
    • Set the Memory Size to more than 4096 MB. Stay within the green boundary shown below the slider.
    • Choose the number of processors allocated to your VM. A good starting point is at least half of your available cores—more is generally better, depending on your system's capabilities.
  5. In the "Hard Disk" tab:
    • Select "Create a virtual hard disk now."
    • Choose the size and location of the virtual hard disk. We recommend at least 40 GB (more is better, if you have the space).
    • You may want to store the virtual disk on a different physical drive for performance.
    • For the file type, select VDI.
  6. Click Finish to create your VM.

Final Configuration Steps

To complete your VM setup:

  1. Right-click your VM in the list.
  2. Select Settings (indicated by an orange gear icon).
  3. In the sidebar, go to Display:
    • Set Video Memory to at least 64 MB.
  4. Go to Network:
    • Set "Attached to" as Bridged Adapter.
    • Under Name, select your wireless adapter (e.g., Intel(R) Wi-Fi 6 AX200 160MHz).

Click OK to confirm your changes.

Note:

If you encounter the error:

VMWGFX seems to be running on an unsupported hypervisor.

A possible fix is:

  • Go back to Settings.
  • Switch to Expert Mode (top-left corner).
  • Under Display, set the Graphics Controller to VBoxSVGA.

Installing Ubuntu

Start your VM by clicking Start. The VM will boot to the installation screen. Make sure you follow the instructions to install Ubuntu.

When prompted you can select Erase disk and install Ubuntu without affecting your windows install since you are working on a virtual disk.

Post-install configuration

When you are done installing Ubuntu, you reach the Ubuntu login screen and will be prompted to type in your password. Login to reach the Ubuntu desktop.

After login you will be prompted to perform some final configuration, like logging in to your Online Accounts. Configure these settings if you like, you can also skip them.

When promted to upgrade to a newer version of Ubuntu. Choose **Don't Upgrade**.

When promted to install updated software, choose "Install Now". This can also be done later by typing the following command into the terminal:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

After configuration, we need to do a few final steps:

  1. In the taskbar of VirtualBox click devices
  2. Click Insert Guest Additions CD image
  3. On the menu that appears within Ubuntu click Run, and type your password.
  4. Reboot your virtual machine.
  5. Set the size of the window of your virtual machine by right clicking on the desktop and selecting display options. Choose the resolution that matches your monitor.

Please note that sometimes the approach above fails at step 3. In that case type the following command in a terminal and press enter. You can skip step 3

sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-additions-iso

You've now successfully installed Ubuntu. To check that everything has gone according to plan, go to your desktop. When you haven't changed your wallpaper, it should show you a picture that looks like a leopard. If you see a picture of a jellyfish or a beaver (or anything else) you've installed the incorrect version. We ask you kindly to reinstall the correct version of ubuntu (20.04).