PRE2018 4 Group3

Group Members

Name	Student Id
Han Wei Chia	1002684
Niek Brekelmans	1017203
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USE

Enterprise

Plants will be in trouble if pollinators die out. A lot of them would go extinct. This would lead to mass disruption of insect and wildlife life cycles. It would be hard to predict exactly what would happen, but there would be many negative impacts on user and society alike. There will be huge demand for other (Artificial) Pollination solution. Robotic bees could be the solution and be very beneficial for enterprises to invest in

State of the Art

Pollination

Artificial Pollination in Kiwifruit and Olive Trees

In this article, they tested what the best way to collect,store and spread pollen for kiwifruits. Pollen samples were collected with two different systems, but was irrelevant to the conclusion. They timing of when and how to store was more important. Th best way to store to guarantee the highest qualtiy of pollen obtained when the pollen were picked up from the collecting machines about every hour. This is to avoid any stres on the pollen. For short term storage the pollen needed to be stored at 4°C for no more than 7 days. For long tern storage the pollen needed to be stored at −18°C for no more than 3 years low humidity or pre-dried to 10–12% with silica gel at 4°C.

For spreading the pollen they used liquid and dry pollination with varying machines in different flowering stages of the kiwifruit flower. There both as effect if done at the specific flowering. for liquid pollination it was Early Petals Fall and for dry pollination it was Petals Fall.

They used the same technique on olive trees to better understand the moment for pollination in relation to the flowering stage during flowering as they were as they were effective as well.

Pollination efficiency of artificial and bee pollination practices in kiwifruit

In this article they state that the efficiency of artificial pollination has never been compared with that provided by bees and will do so themselves. When comparing bee pollination with artificial.bee pollination did not only increase the number of kiwifruit produced, the number of seeds per fruit, fruit weight,and even higher homogeneityin. production of kiwifruits.

Something to also note:

almost all the fruits produced in the bee-pollinated plants were of export quality while that of artificially pollinated were not.This is because Artificially pollination happened once, when ∼10% of all flowers remained as buds.as for the open flower that were sprayed with pollen, some of them were already senescent. The senescent flowers causes higher chances of producing malformed fruits or no fruit at all.