Samenvatting

Terug: PRE_Groep2

---

Inleiding

--> Suzanne

• onderzoeksvraag: Wat is het effect op de belevingswereld van de mens door het toevoegen van emotie aan een grammaticaal emotionele zin?
• Hypotheses ahv bronnen opstellen.

We verwachten dat de stem met emotie een positieve invloed heeft op onze 3 y-variabelen. Likeability en animacy hebben hoogstwaarschijnlijk weer invloed op overtuigingskracht. (Bron: creating more credible and persuasive recommender systems. --> week 3, bronnen presuasiveness)

• Maatschappelijke invloed/ belang/ doel
• Prior research
• etc.

Methode

• Materials Google docs + welke programma's voor stemmen. hoe de stemmen zijn gemaakt/ wat hebben gedaan. --> Floor

• Design

Before we executed our experiment we did a power analysis to have an idea how many participants we might needed. For our power analysis we set the power to 0.8 at a significance level of 0.05. For a moderate effect size we needed 64 participants for each condition in a two-tailed t-test and 51 participants for each condition in a one-tailed t-test. We agreed that a one-tailed t-test would be suitable for our experiment, because we suspect no relation or a positive relation. We did not think that there would be a negative relation. Therefore there is only one way in which there would be an effect and a two-tailed t-test would not be needed. However, it is presumably that the effect size is small instead of moderate. We executed another power analysis to see how many participants we needed if the effect size is small. For a two-tailed t-test we would need 394 participants per condition and for a one-tailed 310 participants per condition. Because we did not have the resources and time to collect so many participants we chose to execute the experiment with 51 participants per condition and hoped for a moderate effect.

For our experiment we used a between subjects design. The two conditions researched were emotionally loaded voices and neutral voices. Each group only heard one of the conditions. These two conditions made up our independent variable, which therefore is a categorical variable. The dependent variables were likeability, animacy and persuasiveness. All these variables consisted of a Likert scale varying from 1 to 5. All the dependent variables are interval variables.The dependent variables were composed of several questions in the questionnaire. For the dependent variable likeability we used the questions 27, 30, 35, 38 and 40 from the questionnaire. Questions 28, 31, 32 and 34 were used for the dependent variable animacy. And for the dependent variable persuasiveness, questions 29, 33, 36 and 37 were used.

Because our survey is about water consumption and persuadibility we made two variables which could be of influence on the way participants responded on the comments of Will. These covariates are how easy you are to convince and how much you care about the environment. Both covariates are composed of several questions in the questionnaire. How easy you are to convince is composed of the questions 5, 8, 13 and 18. How much you care about the environment is composed of the questions 4, 6, 10, 11, 12, 15, 17 and 19.

• Procedure

Each participant received a questionnaire. This questionnaire contained three parts. The first part is the general one in which some demographic information was asked. Besides some questions were asked about two personal characteristics. Furthermore, some questions were included to prevent that participants directly knew about our research goal. The second part consisted of a simulation in which everyone was supposed to fill in some questions about their showering habits. After each answer, an audio fragment was heard which either gave positive or negative feedback. The third part contained questions about the experience of the voice heard. At last, we added some final questions to give us an indication about general matters such as concentration and comprehensibility.

• Participanten

The participants (n = ….) were personally asked to fill in the questionnaire. They were gathered from our list of friends on our Facebook accounts. We used Facebook to prevent that elderly, which are unable to change their showering habits due to living in a care home, filled in the questionnaire. Besides, we only asked people older than 18, since younger people do often not pay their own energy bill.

Each participant got either the questionnaire with the neutral voice (n1 = ….) or with the voice that sounds emotionally loaded (n2 = …..). The condition with the neutral voice is called category 1, and the other condition is called category 2.

The first category consisted of …. men and … women, and their age was between … and …. (M = …, SD = …). The second category consisted … men and .. .women, and their age was between … and…. (M = .., SD = ..).The highest completed degree of education differed among primary school (…%; ...%), mavo (..%;….%), havo, vwo (…%;…%), mbo (…%;….%), hbo (..%;…%), and university (..%;..%). The first value is for category 1, and the second is for category 2.

Discussie

Evt. vervolgonderzoek: we vonden een ander TTS programma awarin je specifieke geluidjes kan toevoegen aan de uitspraak. Zoals 'snik' of 'wow'. Misschien hebben dit soort extra geluidjes wel veel meer effect dan de daadwerkelijke emotie in de stem.