PRE2023 3 Group7

Pill dispensing robot

Team and interests

Quinten Liu, 1842471, q.m.liu@student.tue.nl

Fenna Sigmond, 1696947, f.e.sigmond@student.tue.nl

Thijs Frints, 1441523, t.g.g.frints@student.tue.nl

Daniel Joaquim Ho, 1534254, d.joaquim.ho@student.tue.nl

Sven de Gruyter, 1857657, s.d.gruyter@student.tue.nl Sjoerd van de Goor, 1557815, s.v.d.goor@student.tue.nl

Interests:

• Medical Imaging
• Physical product
• AI
• Tangible / functional product
• Danger detection or prevention
• Healthcare or elderly care

Meetings

Minutes meeting 23-02-2024

Target Audience

Elderly people that live by themselves and have trouble taking and managing their medication. This target audience could be expanded depending on the outcome of the interviews.

Stakeholders and their interests

To identify the problem statement certain stakeholders and their interests in the pill dispensing robot are identified using literature (and interviews).

Elderly

Elderly people living by themselves can have trouble taking medication on the right time and are insecure about their management of their medication. The pill dispensing robot can help them increase their medication adherence, by making a planning for them for taking the medication on the right time, getting notifications on when to take medications, instructions for taking their medications, and answering questions they might have.

Informal caregivers

The caregivers that help the elderly managing their medication are not always present to answer questions and do not always know if the medications are taken the right way and at the right time. The pill dispensing robot can help their administration so they can assist the elderly people. Also if they are not around, the robot can answer questions instead of them.

General practitioner

The robot could help the GP get better insight in the medical administration.

Product Overview

A robot which dispenses pills on a specific schedule and can inform about and answer questions about medical usage, which may be interacted with by speech, and buttons, and which talks back and provides subtitles on the spoken texts using a screen.

Preliminary Functional Requirements

Software

• AI integration to understand speech
• AI integration to process natural language inquiries about medicine in the specific context of the patient
• AI integration to process natural language outputs to spoken language
• Software to memorize and on time inform about medicine intake
• Remember which medicine was taken
• Admin-client distinguishment in access to schedule

Hardware

• Easily swappable medicine cartridges for about 4 types of medicine
• Dispensing function
• Speaker, screen, microphone, buttons
• Small and light
• Probably stationary
• Non-intrusive

Informal planning

Week 1		Week 2		Week 3		Week 4
Literature review + summaries Relevant groups’ work	A A	Literature discussion Functional requirements Target audience & problem	A	Designing Preliminary software Components + feedback + order needed		Finalize components Software prototype 3D modelling of product
Week 5		Week 6		Week 7		Week 8
Software done Assembly done 3D Printing done		Iterate on software or add app Solve problems		Solve problems Prepare presentation Begin cleaning up wiki		Present Clean up wiki

A = All, Q = Quinten, F = Fenna, T = Thijs, D = Daniel, Sv = Sven, Sj = Sjoerd

Literature reviews (Paste all articles here eventually)

Goals of review:

• Find state of the art
• Find what was done; what worked, what did not work. Perhaps reach out to the members of groups of previous years to ask for further details
• Medical technology state
• Pill dispensing specifics
• Elderly technology interaction
• Privacy and ethics of the technology

Literature Review of already existing medicine dispensers

Existing Products, Specifications, and Research and Regulation

General Literature Review of comparisons, effectiveness, and ethics regarding MAPs

Literature research Sven

Literature Review Fenna

Interview preparation

Interview Questions From minutes

• How often do you forget to take your medicine a week?

• How do you currently store your medicine?

• How do you currently get the information about your medication?

• Are you away from home a lot for longer periods and therefore have to take your medication storage with you?

• Do you want to have more information with taking your medication, so for example, let you know that you need water with a specific pill?

• Do you want help with taking your medication?

• What would help you with taking your medication on time?

• Do you currently have problems with taking your medication?

• How do you spend most of your days, are you at home a lot?

• How do you get more medication currently?
• What do you still miss from the description of our proposed design?

Translated questions for interviews

• Hoe vaak worden medicijnen vergeten door patiënten? En als dat vaak gebeurd, wat is dan de oorzaak?
• Hoe komt de medicatie terecht bij de patiënten? (bijvoorbeeld via mantelzorgers of halen ze die zelf op)
• Hoe komen de patiënten informatie over de medicijnen te weten?
• Komen er problemen voor bij het nemen van medicatie, en wat is hiervan de oorzaak? (bijvoorbeeld bij onduidelijke instructies,( pil nemen met glas water bijvoorbeeld.)
• Hoe en waar wordt de medicatie opgeborgen/bewaard?

• Als patiënten weg zijn van huis, hoe zorgen ze ervoor dat de medicatie op tijd en op een juiste manier wordt genomen? (voor een korte periode, zoals een dagtrip of bezoek, en voor een langere periode van huis)
• Is er behoefte aan een manier om medicatie op een overzichtelijkere/betere manier mee te nemen als patiënten van huis gaan?

(After a brief description of our design idea)

• Zou deze robot patiënten kunnen helpen met het nemen van medicatie op tijd en op de juiste manier?
• Zou deze robot patiënten en mantelzorgers kunnen helpen met de administratie van de medicijnen?
• Zijn er nog andere functies die handig zouden zijn voor een robot als deze?

Time spent

Week 1:

All	1st meeting (2h)
Quinten	Researching SotA (2h); Finding and reading relevant papers regarding medication dispensers (3h); Finding and reading relevant papers regarding ethics and elderly care (2h)
Fenna	Research State of the Art (1h); Robot specifications (2h); Research Product Design (1h); Research Use Case (2h)
Thijs	Looking at already functioning medicine dispensers (1.5h); Reading papers on dispensing robots and summarizing them (4.5h); look at ethics for medication rules (0.5)
Daniel	Research what has been done/state of the art (3.5hr); Dispensing Specifications (1.5hrs); EU regulations, medical technology state, privacy and ethics of the tech (3.5hr);
Sven	Research on state of the art/dispenser mechanisms (1,5h); Research AI implementation by notifications (1,5h), naming requirements/specifications (1h)
Sjoerd	Setup wiki (2h); process annotations of first meeting (1.5h); Read documentation OpenAI and Google for insight into which we can use (3h)

Week 2:

All	Feedback Monday meeting and evaluation (1h), Meeting 23-2-24 (1h) see minutes
Quinten
Fenna	Privacy Research (1.5h)
Thijs
Daniel
Sven	start identifying stakeholders and specifying the target audience (1,5h)
Sjoerd	Create prototype AI implementation, with testing and prompt engineering, using API documentation (4h)